Pattern and Outcome of COVID -19 in Kidney Transplant Recipients Admitted in a Tertiary Care Centre during the Second Wave of the Pandemic in India: A Retrospective Study
Deepak Kumar Panigrahi *
Department of Nephrology, Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, India.
Sahil Bagai
Department of Nephrology, Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, India.
Kunal Raj Gandhi
Department of Nephrology, Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, India.
Pallavi Prasad
Department of Nephrology, Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, India.
Sunil Kumar
Department of Nephrology, Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, India.
Kamakshi Singh
Department of Nephrology, Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, India.
Tauseef Ahamad
Department of Nephrology, Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, India.
Harleen Singh
Department of Nephrology, Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, India.
Vandana Prasad
Department of Nephrology, Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, India.
Shivanand Shrishail Nuchi
Department of Nephrology, Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, India.
Gagan Deep Chhabra
Department of Nephrology, Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, India.
Rahul Grover
Department of Nephrology, Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, India.
Dinesh Khullar
Department of Nephrology, Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Background and Aim: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in kidney transplant recipients (KTR) is associated with an increased risk of complications than in the general population. The double mutant variant of the coronavirus was responsible for the deadly second wave of the pandemic in India. So, we conducted this retrospective case study to look for the pattern and outcome of the hospitalized KTR affected with COVID-19 in our tertiary care center during the second wave.
Study Design: This was single centre retrospective study.
Place and Duration of Study: COVID-19 affected KTR admitted to Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi during the second wave of the pandemic in the months of April and May 2021 were included in the study.
Materials and Methods: All the necessary data were taken from the computerised records. Clinical and biochemical characteristics of the survivors and non-survivors were studied. The factors associated mortality were analysed.
Results: Out of the 16 participants, all were males. The mean age of the population was 52.50±14.39 years. Overall mortality was 31.3% (Five out of 16). The oxygen saturation at presentation, computed tomography severity scores (CTSS) and the level of inflammatory markers were significantly different between the groups (P<0.05). The ratio of absolute neutrophil count to absolute lymphocyte count (ANC/ALC) was significantly higher in the non-survivors. No difference was noted as far as vaccination status was concerned.
Conclusions: Covid-19 during the second wave was more infectious and virulent than during the first wave. Higher CT severity score on presentation, raised inflammatory markers and a higher neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio should alert the clinician about the probable adverse outcome. Further large-scale multicentre studies are needed to accurately characterise the role of vaccines in the KTR population.
Keywords: COVID-19, kidney transplant recipients, CT severity score