Bacterial Bloodstream Infections – Prevalence, Etiology, and their Antibiotic Susceptibility Profile in Mumbai City
Mukti Dave
Department of Microbiology, InfeXn Laboratories Pvt. Ltd., Thane, Maharashtra, India.
Nasheet Shaikh
Department of Microbiology, InfeXn Laboratories Pvt. Ltd., Thane, Maharashtra, India.
Sakshi Pawar *
Department of Microbiology, InfeXn Laboratories Pvt. Ltd., Thane, Maharashtra, India.
Sonal Bangde
Department of Microbiology, InfeXn Laboratories Pvt. Ltd., Thane, Maharashtra, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aim: To study bacterial bloodstream infections concerning prevalence, etiology, and antibiotic susceptibility profile of pathogens in Mumbai City
Study Design: Retrospective study
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Microbiology, InfeXn Laboratories Pvt. Ltd., Thane
One-year duration: January 2019- December 2019
Methodology: The present retrospective study was performed on around 9397 adult and pediatric blood samples by using a rapid, accurate, and high throughput automated blood culture system for timely diagnosis of BSI.
Results and Discussion: Bloodstream infection (BSIs) is considered a medical emergency as it is associated with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. The prevalence of BSI-causing bacteria and their Antibiotic susceptibility (AST) profile vary as per age, season, geographical location, etc. With a large cohort of 9397 samples, the total positivity rate was 17.47 % with gram-negative bacteria (67.69%) being more common than gram-positive (32.30%) in both adult and pediatric populations, with a peak in the Monsoon season. Escherichia coli (26.17%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (27.31%) were the most isolated pathogens in the adult and pediatric populations, respectively. Carbapenemase production was seen highest in the non-fermentor group of bacteria (42.85%) whereas ESBL production was seen more in the Enterobacterals group (53%). Except for MRSA, gram-positive bacteria showed a very good susceptibility profile to the listed antibiotics. There was no case of VRE observed in the study.
Conclusion: The study highlights the need for regular monitoring of BSI-causing bacteria and their antibiogram, which can help better to formulate empirical treatment strategies, controlled use of antibiotics, monitoring trends in drug resistance, and antibiotic stewardship.
Keywords: Bloodstream Infections (BSI), sepsis, automated blood cultures, ESBL and carbapenemase producers, antimicrobial resistance