Antibiotic Prescribing Practices in a Tertiary Hospital in Burkina Faso: A Descriptive Study
Gafourou Arsène Ouedraogo *
Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Yalgado Ouedraogo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Hamadé Zonon
Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Yalgado Ouedraogo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Saiba Kora
Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Yalgado Ouedraogo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Salamata Sanfo
Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Yalgado Ouedraogo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Arouna Gnamou
Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Yalgado Ouedraogo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Abdoulaye Sawadogo
Department of Infectious Diseases, Regional University Hospital Ouahigouya, Ouahigouya, Burkina Faso.
Saidou. C. Nassirou
Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Yalgado Ouedraogo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Yacouba Sore
Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Yalgado Ouedraogo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Viviane A. Boni
Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Yalgado Ouedraogo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Sabane Guimbou
Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Yalgado Ouedraogo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Eric A. Diendére
Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Bogodogo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso and Training and Research Unit Health Sciences (UFR-SDS), University Joseph KI-Zerbo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Ismaël Diallo
Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Yalgado Ouedraogo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso and Training and Research Unit Health Sciences (UFR-SDS), University Joseph KI-Zerbo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Mamoudou Savadogo
Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Yalgado Ouedraogo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso and Training and Research Unit Health Sciences (UFR-SDS), University Joseph KI-Zerbo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Apoline K Sondo
Training and Research Unit Health Sciences (UFR-SDS), University Joseph KI-Zerbo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Introduction: Inappropriate antibiotic prescribing contributes to antibiotic resistance, a global public health concern, particularly in low-resource settings. This study aimed to evaluate antibiotics prescribing practices in the department of medicine and medical specialties at the University Hospital Center Yalgado Ouedraogo (CHU-YO).
Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection. It took place from January to March 2021. Antibiotic use was evaluated based on national and SPILF guidelines.
Results: A total of five hundred and six patients were included. The prevalence of antibiotic prescription was 48.2%. Among patients taking antibiotics, 61.1% had received monotherapy. The most commonly prescribed antibiotics were beta-lactams (70.1%), particularly Amoxicillin + Clavulanic Acid (39.1%). The intravenous route was the most commonly used (79.6%). The average duration of administration was 5 days. Lower respiratory infections were the main indications for prescribing antibiotics. Antibiotic therapy was empiric in 96% of cases. It was in compliance with recommendations in 31.2% and justified in 78.1% of cases.
Conclusion: Antibiotic prescribing at CHU-YO reveals significant gaps in compliance with established guidelines. Implementing local protocols and stewardship interventions is critical to optimizing antibiotic use and combating resistance.
Keywords: Compliance, antibiotherapy, medicine, resistance